In this work, an inverse finite element formulation was modified for considering material anisotropy in obtaining blank shape and forming severity of deep drawn orthotropic parts. In this procedure, geometry of final part and thickness of initial blank sheet were known. After applying ideal forming formulations between material points of initial blank and final shape, an equation system was obtained in terms of unknown initial positions on the blank sheet. initial positions of material points were obtained by solving this equation system. In this algorithm, the Hill's anisotropic plasticity and associated plastic flow rule were used. Strain distribution on the final part was obtained by comparing the initial blank and final part. The method was applied for the simulation of drawing an orthotropic blank to a rectangular cup. Accuracy of the presented method was evaluated by comparing the results with numerical forward method and experiment results.

One of the important issues in the production of concrete is environmental variability that affects the concrete and elements constructed from this material. Due to the importance of different characteristics of concrete in short- and long-term conditions, this article aims to investigate the influence of initial temperature conditions of self-compacting concrete on its long-term characteristics and determine the initial optimal temperature of concrete. For these purposes, several experiments under three temperature conditions of 5, 20, and 40 degree-of-Celsius were conducted to evaluate the rheology and mechanical properties of fresh concrete in the range of 7 and 28 days. In these experiments, alternative mineral admixtures of cement such as micro-silica, fly ash, and zeolite were used to build the concrete specimens. Results demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the specimens increase with increasing initial temperature in the short term, while such properties significantly decrease in the long term compared to the specimens constructed under lower initial temperature. Moreover, the fluidity of self-compacting concrete increases with increasing initial temperature.

This research, survey short term operation initial Public Offering (IPO) in Tehran Stock exchange initial Public Offering is a phenomenon found in all markets. this research investigates short term (three month) return for the period of 5 years (1383-1387) in Tehran Stock Exchange and we use multivariate linear regression analysis. (joint test of hypothesis and single hypothesis).In this period 56 company issue stocks in market.the result did have enough statistical significance about one hypothesis.finally the influenced of financial and non- financial element investigate.This element are:initial selling volume, audit institutes fame, structure or owner, kind of own, amount of equity.After that Survey single hypothesis alone audit institutes fame element did have enough statistical significance.

Objective: CREB1 is an important downstream protein for many signaling pathways. By designing efficient siRNAs against CREB1, it may be possible to assess the role of molecules involved in signaling pathways in different cell types. In this research the efficiency of CREB1 knockdown by two different siRNAs in K562 cells has been studied. Materials and Methods: siRNAs have been designed according to the criteria suggested by Reynolds et al. K562 cells were transfected by siRNA using Lipofectamine 2000. The efficiency of CREB knockdown has been assessed by quantitative relative Real-time PCR. Results: Our results have shown that only one of the siRNAs has a high level of inhibitory effect on CREB1 gene expression. The expression of CREB1 by this siRNA was knocked-down by 87% in K562 cells. Conclusion: In this research, although two siRNAs were designed according to the Reynolds et al. criteria, only one showed an inhibitory effect. Reasons other than the aforementioned criteria may be involved in effectiveness of siRNAs.

Aim: This study aimed to assess and compare the initial stress and displacement in vertically displaced canines using finite element analysis. Both conventional and self-ligating bracket systems were evaluated at displacement heights of 2, 4, and 6 mm.Methods: Six finite element models of maxillary dentitions with canines vertically displaced by 2, 4, and 6 mm were developed using specialized software. Continuous arch wire techniques were applied in both the conventional system with 0.022" × 0.028" slot MBT brackets (3M Unitek™) and the self-ligating system with 0.022" × 0.028" slot passive self-ligating brackets (Damon Q), both utilizing a 0.014-inch CuNiTi arch wire. The study calculated canine displacement, reactionary effects on adjacent teeth (lateral incisors and first premolars), and compressive and tensile stresses along the X, Y, and Z axes at 12 specific points.Results: The self-ligating bracket system demonstrated greater extrusion of the canine compared to the conventional bracket system, with the most significant movement observed in the 2-mm model, followed by the 4-mm and 6-mm models. Reactionary effects on adjacent teeth included intrusion and tipping away from the canine, most pronounced in the 2-mm model. Compressive and tensile stresses were higher in the conventional bracket system and decreased with increased displacement.Conclusion: For vertically displaced canines, using a continuous arch wire with a self-ligating bracket system is more advantageous than a conventional bracket system, as it results in greater canine movement and less stress on adjacent teeth. However, its effectiveness diminishes with increased displacement height due to resistance caused by higher contact angles and decreased wire expression.

Changes of up to 80°C has been reported for oral cavity temperature. This could well effecti on the nature of restorations for example failure of bonding of adhesive restorations. It is advocated that using opaque layer in porcelane to restorations could reduce this problem. This experimental study was designed to evaluate the effect mentioned using finitelement analysis method.Results showed that cooling has a more destructive effect than warming process restorations with the presence of opaque having a finitelement analysis effect on restorations.

Dear Editor-in-Chief: The gap in the provision of mental health care is remarkable in low-and-middle-income countries (LAMICs) (1). The experts have cast doubt on the use of Evidence-Based Treatments (EBTs) in LAMICs due to its low scale-up. Recently, they have started to focus on delivery frameworks, Common elements (CEs). The unique advantage of CEs in LAMICs is the simplification of training, monitoring and funding, due to its special focus on certain selected issues learned and practiced, and its flexibility which makes comorbidity possible, through cultural backgrounds (2)...

Background and Aim: The movement of molars has been evaluated in many studies to correct Cl II malocclusion by non-compliance appliances but the results are controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the upper first and second molars' movement in cervical headgear (HG) and pendulum appliance (PEND) by finite element method.Materials & Methods: For modeling process, one of the best dry skulls was CT scanned (l mm slices). Modeling was done according to the mechanical properties of cortical and trabecular bone of maxilla and PDM and teeth and transferred to computer by scanner. elementing, meshing and loading was done. The magnitude of force for both appliances was 250 gr and line of force for HG was 20 degree above the occlusal plane action and for PEND was along the midlingual surface of upper first molar crown. Tooth movement analysis was performed by the software named Ansys 5.71.Results: The amount of dislocation of the 1st molar cusps tip (mesiobuccal, mesiopalatal, distobuccal, distopalatal) at presence of second molar in bucco-lingual dimension showed distal-in rotation in HG and mesial-in rotation for pendulum. In mesio-distal dimension, the four cusps of 1st molar moved distally in HG and palatal cusps moved more in PEND. In vertical dimension, 1st molar showed extrusion in HG and intrusion in PEND for distal cusps.Conclusion: The presence of second molar had impact on the quality of upper first molar in both appliances and it moved in a distal direction, extruded and buccal drifted in both of them. Therefore, with regard to the cooperation of the patients, pendulum appliance is recommended to correct Cl II malocclusion instead of cervical headgear.